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Blender教程-编号097_Gumroad-使用Blender和Rigify绑定骨骼Gumroad – Rig a Skeleton with Blender and RigifyGumroad 平台 —— 使用 Blender 与 Rigify 为骨骼模型制作绑定
课程信息:
在这门分步讲解的视频课程中,你将学习如何为 3D 骨骼模型制作绑定(rigging)。我们将使用 Blender—— 这款免费开源的 3D 内容创作套件 —— 以及免费的自动绑定系统 Rigify。
课程最终成果
课程结束时,你将获得一个完全绑定完成的骨骼模型,可通过动作捕捉(mocap)与动作重定向(retargeting)为其制作动画。若你有需求,还能将模型准备好并导出至游戏引擎。
为何骨骼模型绑定难度较高?
大多数教程中教授的绑定与权重绘制技巧,都是针对带有皮肤和衣物的 “标准” 角色设计的。
Rigify 自带诸多强大功能,例如扭曲骨骼(由可弯曲骨骼 “bendy bones” 辅助实现)。
自动权重(Automatic Weights)与诸如体素热皮肤绑定(Voxel Heat Skinning)等高级插件,能帮助我们快速为相连的网格模型添加蒙皮。
然而,当这些技术应用于骨骼模型时,多数不仅毫无用处…… 反而会引发比解决的问题更多的新麻烦。
本课程能为你提供哪些帮助?
在课程中,你将学习:
如何调整 Rigify 的默认设置,使其适用于骨骼模型的绑定。掌握 Rigify 绑定类型设置,将助你为各类角色完成绑定
特殊的权重绘制技巧,以快速高效地将网格骨骼(mesh bones)与绑定骨骼(rig bones)进行关联。骨骼模型中的许多骨骼需要始终保持固定形态(如腿骨、上臂骨、颅骨等),而另一些则需要具备弯曲或扭曲功能(如下臂骨、脊柱、胸腔等)。
权重绘制(Weight Painting)占绑定工作的 50%,这话绝非玩笑!
自定义绑定技巧。你几乎可以使用 Rigify 的基础模块为整个骨骼模型完成绑定,但要实现某些高级效果,我们需要从零开始创建自定义绑定。我会向你展示如何创建这类自定义绑定,以及如何将它们与 Rigify 的其他部分无缝整合。
基础技巧与高级技巧:任你选择
在条件允许的情况下,我会尽量为你提供 “基础技巧” 与 “高级技巧” 两种选择:
“基础技巧” 能让你用最少的精力获得不错的效果
“高级技巧” 则会教你如何多投入一些精力,从而实现更出色的效果
本课程并非纯新手入门课
虽然这是一门分步讲解的教程,但仍要求你具备 Blender 的基础操作知识。我也建议你对 Rigify 有基本了解。若你是 Rigify 新手,我会提供必要的学习资源,帮助你快速掌握 Rigify 的使用方法。但请理解,在开始学习骨骼模型绑定课程前,你可能需要额外学习一些基础知识。
课程结构
第一部分:课程介绍与资源
简单打个招呼,为你介绍课程内容、相关资源以及与我联系的方式。
第二部分:网格模型准备
“未雨绸缪,方能事半功倍”。我们将对模型进行预处理,并整理场景,这会让后续的绑定工作轻松许多。
第三部分:元绑定(Metarig)
我们会快速将一个标准元绑定与骨骼模型对齐。后续还需要大量自定义调整,但这是迈出的第一步。
接下来的 5 个部分,将分别聚焦骨骼模型特定部位的绑定与权重绘制:
第四部分:腿部、脚部、脚趾(Teos,注:推测为 “Toes” 拼写误差,译为 “脚趾”)
第五部分:手臂、手部、手指
第六部分:躯干(骨盆、脊柱、胸腔)
第七部分:锁骨与肩胛骨
第八部分:头部、颈部、下颌
完成以上内容后,骨骼模型的绑定工作就基本结束了,但我还额外加入了一些你可能感兴趣的章节:
第九部分:自定义 Rigify 脚本
我们将使用 Rigify 的一项新功能(适用于 Blender 3.0 及以上版本)—— 生成绑定后可立即运行脚本。通过这种方式,我们能进一步自定义绑定,实现其他方法无法达成的效果。
第十部分:场景清理(CleanUp)
绑定工作中一个重要却常被忽视的环节:清理场景,并仔细检查所有功能是否正常!
第十一部分:道具制作
我们将为骨骼模型添加可握持的道具(一面盾牌和一把剑,是不是很经典!)
第十二部分:动作重定向
我会向你展示我使用 Rokoko 插件(免费)进行动作重定向的工作流程,将动作捕捉数据正确传输到 Rigify 绑定中(包括反向运动学 “IK” 重定向)
第十三部分:游戏引擎导出(即将更新!)
Rigify 绑定默认并不支持导出至游戏引擎,但我会为你展示一套可靠的工作流程,将简洁的游戏用绑定导出到 Unreal(虚幻引擎)、Unity( unity 引擎)或其他任意游戏引擎中。
第十四部分:课程总结
专为那些觉得课程只有 13 章会心里不安的 “迷信人士” 而设。
常见问题(FAQ)
课程是否包含 3D 骨骼模型?
包含。你将获得我在视频中使用的同款 3D 模型。若你偏好,也可使用自己的模型。
我需要使用哪个版本的 Blender?
我在视频中使用的是 Blender 3.1 版本,建议你使用相同或更新的版本。不过,你也可以使用较旧的版本(如 2.93 甚至 2.83 LTS 版本)跟随学习。在视频中,我会考虑到可能有人使用不同版本的 Blender,并尽量给出相应的操作建议。
课程中的骨骼与绑定是否符合解剖学原理?
从科学角度来说并不完全符合。我们制作绑定的骨骼模型用于动画、游戏等场景,最终效果虽具备一定真实感,但并非对真实骨骼解剖结构的模拟。
课程风格较为轻松随意,你几乎不会听到我使用骨骼的拉丁语学名等专业术语(因为我也不懂…… 等等,我是不是说漏嘴了?)
能否用相同技巧为卡通风格骨骼模型制作绑定?
我认为可以,但无法保证。如果只是外观和比例偏向卡通风格,通常没有问题;但如果需要实现极端的肢体弯曲效果,你可能需要灵活调整,对绑定设置进行一定修改。
Gumroad – Rig a Skeleton with Blender and Rigify
Info:
In this step-by-step video course, you’ll learn how to rig a Skeleton 3d model. We’ll be using Blender – the free and open-source 3d content creation suite – and the free auto-rigging system Rigify.
THE FINAL RESULT FROM THE COURSE
By the end of the course, you’ll have a fully rigged skeleton model, animated using mocap and retargeting. You can even get it ready for export to a game engine, should you wish to.
WHY RIGGING A SKELETON IS DIFFICULT
The rigging and weight painting techniques you learn in most tutorials are meant for “standard” characters with skin and clothing.
Rigify offers amazing features such as twist bones (aided by bendy bones) out of the box.
Automatic Weights and advanced add-ons such as Voxel Heat Skinning help us quickly skin connected meshes.
However, when applied to a Skeleton, many of these techniques are not just useless …but they cause more problems than they solve.
HOW THIS COURSE CAN HELP YOU
In the course, you’ll learn:
• How to tweak the default Rigify settings and make Rigify suitable for rigging a Skeleton.
Mastering the Rigify rig type settings will help you rig versatile characters
• Special weight paint techniques to quickly and efficiently bind the mesh bones to the rig bones. Many bones in the skeleton need to stay solid at all times (leg bones, upper arm, cranium, etc.) while others need to bend or twist (lower arm bones, spine, ribcage, etc).
Weight Painting is 50% of Rigging. I am not even joking!
• Custom rigging techniques. You can rig almost the entire skeleton with simple Rigify building blocks. But to achieve certain advanced effects we’ll need to create custom rigs from scratch. I will show you how to create those and also, how to seamlessly integrate them with the other Rigify parts.
SIMPLE OR ADVANCED: THE CHOICE IS YOURS
Whenever possible, I tried to give you a choice between simple and advanced techniques.
• The “simple” techniques will help you achieve good results with minimal effort.
• The advanced techniques will show you how to get even better results with some additional effort
NOT EXACTLY A BEGINNER’S COURSE
This is a step-by-step tutorial but a basic knowledge of Blender is required. I’d also recommend a basic understanding of Rigify. If you are new to Rigify I am going to provide the necessary resources to get you up to speed with Rigify. Just understand that you may need to do some additional learning before diving into the Skeleton lessons.
COURSE STRUCTURE
Part 1: Intro & Resources
Just saying “hi”, and introducing you to the course, resources, and ways to contact me.
Part 2: Mesh Prep
“If you fail to plan, you plan to fail”. We’ll prepare the model and organize the scene. This will make our rigging work much easier
Part 3: Metarig
We’ll quickly align a standard metarig to the skeleton. It will need a lot of customization down the line but it’s a start.
The next 5 parts will each focus on the rigging and weight painting of a specific section of the skeleton.
Part 4: Legs, Feet, Teos
Part 5: Arms, Hands, Fingers
Part 6: Torso (Pelvis, Spine, Ribcage)
Part 7: Clavicle and Scapula
Part 8: Head, Neck, Jaw
With that, the skeleton rigging is done but I have included additional chapters that you may enjoy.
Part 9: Custom Rigify Script
We’ll be using a new feature of Rigify (Blender 3.0+) which allows us to run a script as soon as we generate the rig. This way we can customize the rig even further and in ways that are not possible otherwise.
Part 10: CleanUp
An important but often neglected part of rigging: clean up your scene, and double-check that everything works!
Part 11: Props
We’ll give the skeleton Props that it can hold (a shield and a sword, how original!)
Part 12: Retargeting
I’ll show you my workflow for retargeting using the Rokoko addon (free) to correctly transfer mocap data to the Rigify rig (including IK retargeting)
Part 13: Game Engines export (Coming soon!)
Out of the box, the Rigify rig is not meant for export to game engines. But I’ll show you a solid workflow to export a clean game rig to Unreal or Unity (or any other engine).
Part 14: Conclusion
For the superstitious among you who would feel uneasy if the course had 13 chapters.
FAQ
Is the Skeleton 3d model included?
Yes, you’ll have access to the same 3d model that I am using in the videos. You can also use your own model if you prefer.
What version of Blender will I need?
The version I use in the video is 3.1 and I recommend that you use the same or later. However, you will be able to follow along with older versions such as 2.93 or even 2.83 LTS. In the videos, I try to anticipate that people may be using different versions of Blender and try to suggest what to do.
Are the skeleton and rig anatomically correct?
Not in a scientific sense. We will be rigging a skeleton model for animation, games, etc. While the result is fairly realistic, it is not a simulation of real skeletal anatomy.
The tone of the course is casual and you will rarely hear me use the Latin name of bones etc. (because I don’t know them … Wait, did I say that out loud? )
Can I rig a cartoony skeleton with the same techniques?
I think so but I can’t guarantee it. If it’s just the looks and proportions that are cartoony, then it should be fine. But if you need, say, extreme limb bending, you may need to improvise and change the setup somewhat.
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